Radionuclides

The Kinetico Radium Removal System uses the process of ion exchange to effectively remove radium found in a water source. Cation exchange resin, which is also used for ion exchange softening, is the most effective way to remove radium from water. Because there is not an effective online method for measuring effluent radium levels, the system uses hardness breakthrough as the criteria for regeneration. Cation resin has a much higher selectivity toward radium than hardness, so when all of the exchange sites are filled with either radium or hardness, the radium in the incoming stream will begin to replace the hardness molecules on the exchange sites. When this happens, a hardness spike, which can be measured by a hardness monitor, will be present in the effluent stream. At this time, that tank would be put into a regeneration.